|
The Scientist: NewsBlog:
Renal researchers faked data
Posted by Bob Grant [Entry posted at 13th July 2009 04:22 PM GMT]
Rate this article
Fraudulent conducts not only in biomedical sciences by mabrouk el-sharkawy [Comment posted 2009-12-30 13:12:42] The many cases on scientific misconducts that have been revealed recently are surely disturbing enough. Nevertheless, it should be noted that such fraudulent behavior exists in several research fields and not only in biomedical sciences.I published two articles this year pointing to cases of "CITATION VIOLATION",or "CITATION AMNESIA", in the field of plant photosynthesis,where my original work was plagiarised.
For example, see the following reference: M. A. El-Sharkawy. 2009. Pioneering research on C4 leaf anatomical, physiological, and agronomic characteristics of tropical monocot and dicot plant species:Implications for crop water relations and productivity in comparison to C3 cropping systems. PHOTOSYNTHETICA 47 (2): 163-183. How to keep the Institution accountable? by DUNG LE [Comment posted 2009-12-30 11:38:18] 23 Mil $ as direct grants to these two forks, and, I believe, not less than the same were wasted by other researchers trying to follow what these two guys published.
Focus on the 23 Mil $, how much of that went to UAB as indirect cost? Someone please help me do the math! How will ORI keep UAB accountable? return the share? well, even so, that's not a punishment yet! I will not like the way Institutions spoke about the misconducts at their places as if it were someone else faults. In the current system, it looks like the Institution is the most benefited (without having to pay the price) party of research misconducts. Their policy will be "close their eyes [no overseeing], get the money, and blame [the misconduct] on someone else". Finally, just fire the PI, then they are just free, clean and ready to hire other "too" ambitious researchers. I never get an NIH grant, but I believe a scoring method on Institutions hosting the grant applications should be revised. Those that have misconducts taking place should have a serious deduction in score, which will eventually reduce the chance [getting funded] of all applications from their Institution. All PIs should be well-informed about the scoring system. In this case, one misconduct will hurt all PIs from the same Institution, which is a pressure to the PIs not to close their eyes on colleagues' potential misconducts. One misconduct taking place, will hurt the Institution in a way that, researchers tends to get away from those Institutions as they know the score on the Institutions will be low which will hurt their chance of getting funded. Finally, when PI at those Institutions are not well funded, the Institution loses their share as indirect cost. I am expecting responses from insiders of NIH grantees! A disgrace by James Sacco [Comment posted 2009-12-30 09:32:50] Wow! UAB is really cracking... this is not the first time falsified studies have been reported at this institution. Is it because they have been lax, or is it because they are very vigilant? For the sake of true and honest science I hope it is the second reason. worse than usual criminals by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-16 18:06:18] I am not sure if there is more fraud now or I just happen to see reports on it now more often. Also, if it really is rising, do we detect it more often or it is really more often done?
I agree with all that call for criminalization of scientific fraud. Those that steal from private persons get caught and are called criminals and may go to jail. Those that steal from the entire research and community in general hurt those applicants who were not awarded the money for real research, hurt the entire community by producing false data that may be used for human trials, or if they do human trials, patients get hurt by receiving inappropriate therapy, they also hurt those who because of the really good research that was not funded, live and die today without benefits that would be produced by the results good research would provide. This type of fraud is worse than any other fraud. Toxic Assets in our knowledgebase by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-16 05:01:30] I am pleased to see that attention is being paid to this. I have experienced instances of this or questionable work in my research career. Some may have been due to 'flawed' techniques etc, but some were obviously fraudulent. Did I report those instances where I had first hand observation, NO I didn't! I did not even know where to report it to, I was young in the field, had no knowledge of this as a problem and left the ?seniors? to correct it, the Pi himself was implicit in virtually condoning it, no later retraction of the publication(s) were performed as far as I know. In this case I was actually ridiculed for being the bearer of bad news when my lab results contradicted the published claim from our lab. Incidentally, this contradiction was raised by another researcher in another laboratory across the world, I only confirmed it. "Don't ask don't tell" is definitely the entrenched status quo, especially if you are concerned about your career.
In another, the Pi himself said to me, in response to a comment from me about the quality of data going out of the lab, he said, {My name} "the important thing is to be ahead of the game and get the money, let those coming after clean it up". And indeed he was good at this game as he was and still is extremely well funded. The downside of this is that subsequent researchers, I was told, following my time in this lab, who were attempting to advance some work performed previously in this lab, found themselves literally "stuck dead in the water" so to speak. The even greater downside to this, is the "COST of this FRAUD". When data is inaccurate and someone uses this as a basis or premise to test a hypothesis, the inferences themselves could be flawed. Continuing this cycle the knowledge base of the science could become so polluted as to be useless in time. A more obvious cost is realized when an attempt is made to commercialize an invention or product to be based on 'these distorted findings'. Under these circumstances, billions of dollars could be wasted in following these false leads. These represents our toxic assets in our knowledge base, not unlike those in the financial area today. whistleblowing by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-16 02:45:49] It took 8 years for this fraud to be exposed, even though everybody connected with this research was in a position to know. The reason for this is, of course, that blowing the whistle in cases like this is dangerous to your career. As long as whistleblowers are not protected, and in fact ostracized almost as badly as the fraudsters themselves, these things will continue. Random Audits of Research Papers Are Needed to Protect the Public Against Research Fraud by Raquel Diaz-Sprague [Comment posted 2009-07-15 09:42:43] Back in the early 90?s when scientific research fraud was rare, or at least rarely reported, I organized and convened a series of conferences on Ethics in Science, Technology and Medicine to be standalone events or at professional society meetings. See LINK The conferences were well attended and generated a lot of discussion. Professional societies have the duty to foster discussion of professional misconduct and to promote ethical conduct in the professions. Although those efforts can serve as a deterrent to misconduct, it is clear they are not sufficient. Research fraud is no longer a rarity. There are numerous reports of abuse, deceit, research fraud, wrongdoing and other unethical behavior by individuals working in research, academia, government, etc. who are in positions of authority and privilege. The misuse of million of dollars and publication of faked research data which can mislead doctors and other researchers and cause suffering and death strikes me as criminal indeed. Criminalization of scientific fraud and severe penalties for the misuse of public funds are long overdue. Ethical principles, learned in high school and college, should inform the reasoning of every educated man or woman regarding the practice of their profession. Mandatory institutional training on the ethical conduct of research is still necessary but not sufficient. Fraud and other misconduct in research conducted with public funding should be subject to criminal and civil prosecution. Both the researchers AND their institutions should be penalized and required to make restitution of public funds. As one of the measures of success of a research institution is the number of dollars it receives in grants, currently institutions have a vested interest in denying wrongdoing and protecting researchers who receive government grants in order to continue to receive income from the grants. Only when it costs the institutions money, they will have an economic incentive to institutionalize effective measures to prevent and detect fraud. If fraud is detected and confirmed through random audits by the funding agencies, both the researchers and their institutions should face criminal charges. Those found guilty of fraud could be subject to progressive discipline in proportion to the gravity of the offenses committed. Their ability to work should be limited in the same manner other professionals have their licenses suspended or revoked for malpractice or malfeasance.
Reflecting on the growing national problem with fraud and deceit, it is obvious that our society has an extremely tolerant attitude toward misconduct misleadingly termed white collar crime. The name evokes the image of a person wearing a white shirt or other professional attire. A white lab coat inspires trust. With such innocuous image, mild name, and the absence of criminal penalties it is not surprising that white collar crime has proliferated and is currently at the root of our nation?s most serious problems. When politicians speak of being ?tough on crime? they play on popular but misleading stereotypes of what a ?real criminal? is. An example that comes to mind is; if we see a man on a dirty t-shirt on the street or the store, we probably try to keep away from him, hold tightly onto our purse or wallet and be somehow concerned that the person might be a ?criminal, who could steal from us.? If the same man is wearing a white shirt, the assumption might be that he is okay, not a threat. We are probably not likely to think about his potential for stealing from us ? big time ? from his desk or laboratory. Government has a duty to combat fraud and prevent harm to the public resulting from scientific as well as any other kind of fraud. Funding agencies must institute random audits of research findings at institutions receiving public funding. Professional societies could increase efforts to promote awareness and application of ethical principles in the professions and uphold the honor of the professions. But the mere existence of actual random audits of research papers with real individual and institutional financial penalties and possible imprisonment for the more serious offenses could compel researchers to conduct and report research in a most rigorous manner and keep all records of the data obtained as if it were evidence to be presented in court. Grothendieck's statement on refusing Craaford prize by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-14 16:35:39] "In the two decades that have intervened the ethical standards of the sciences ( certainly in mathematics) have been degraded to such an extent that the most bare-faced plagiarism between colleagues ( often at the expense of those who can't defend themselves), seems to have become the norm. At least it is generally tolerated, even in exceptionally flagrant instances..."
What is by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-14 16:26:18] Faking data is clearly fraud. But what about "citation plagarism", arguably the most common abuse. That is, taking undue discovery credit.
This seems to be quite common these days. But nobody does anything about it. Complaints and even corrections to journals go unpublished, rather than rock the boat. In fact, "citation amnesia" seems to have become institutionalized at quite a high level. E.g., Alexander Grothendieck, in turning down the Crafoord prize in mathematics, denounced the tendency of the powerful in mathematics to appropriate the ideas and discoveries of lessor lights. See: LINK Patient's Rights by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-14 11:30:50] The damage done to the patients should be addressed. Will the pharmaceutical companies inform the clinical trials of this fraudulent research? Will the patients ever find out what has happened? Personally, they are the one's who should be informed but will never hear a word. If they did, a lot of suits would follow and we can't have that, now can we!!!!! This is an outrage. by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-14 09:30:22] Thomas and Contreras have no place in medicine. They should be charged with attempted bodily harm and cruelness to animals. Where is the protection for patients and animals from monsters like this? true colors by Rick Bogle [Comment posted 2009-07-13 22:34:16] All the chatter about fraud, wasting money, possibly misleading other scientists, possibly putting patients at some risk, but not a word about the monkeys. Researchers routinely blather in public about how much they respect the animals they use and consider it a privilege to use them... but something like this comes along and no one mentions them. Criminals by JEROME GELB [Comment posted 2009-07-13 20:41:10] There is no two ways about it! These researchers are smart criminals who remained undetected for 8 years & defrauded funders of tens of millions of dollars.
Corporate fraudsters are receiving lengthy custodial sentences & so should scientific fraudsters, who potentially cause an even greater impact on innocent victims.......the chronically ill who may receive useless treatments or who never receive bonafide treatment that may have been developed with the wasted funds! I add my voice LOUDLY to the calls for criminalisation of scientific fraud! Research fraud needs to criminalised by null null [Comment posted 2009-07-13 18:17:09] Fraud is a crime in most spheres. Science is less understood by the public than say politics, banking and car sales. Fraud in these areas is usually understood to damage society, reduce trust and can lead to reform.
Fraud in science leads to occassional furious wrist slapping and the brutal mild-grant-drought. Deception in science needs to be criminalised. Then the real police can can act and enforce the law. As it is, the laws of scientific integrity are mere guidelines. Enforcing scientific integrity currently is taken as seriously as enforcing bathroom etiquette. As for the monkeys, they suffered for nothing. The researchers should be compelled to do an unfunded study quantifying the damage their work has done. Then they should go to a place where those who steal a kidney from butcher shop go...to court. On falsifying data by Mortimer Brown [Comment posted 2009-07-13 16:35:05] The only activity they should be allowed to perform in any scientific lab from now on is to keep the equipment and the bathrooms clean. ...other ramifications... by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-13 14:47:04] ORI says: "The extent of misconduct with the widespread dispersion of falsified results had the effect of increasing the credibility of the respondents and thereby increasing the acceptance of the falsified results by other researchers in the field," wrote Abbrecht in the ORI statement. "Such acceptance could lead to wasted research effort by other researchers and possibly placing patients at harm if they were enrolled in clinical trials designed on the basis of the falsified results."
Protecting human subjects is the ultimate concern here, but in tough economic times, I have to wonder how much other research could have been funded with $23M. If you've ever been on the borderline with an index score of ~135-140 and just failed to make the "cut"... you know what I mean... L Keep it coming! by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-13 14:46:23] It's anyone's guess how many more fake articles there are in scientific publications. Thomas and NIH Patron Hold Immunotoxin Use Patents by Merrill Goozner [Comment posted 2009-07-13 14:28:21] see LINK
Good story. More sunshine on such cases is crucial to limiting scientific fraud, whatever its ultimate motivation. Any Patients ? by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-13 14:12:19] Could care less about the reputations of the authors & their grad students. Question I would ask is, did any patients get treatment based on the papers?
Outcome? Let the punishment fit the crime Archives by Alison McCook [Comment posted 2009-07-13 14:04:55] Hi-
As a news story, the article is free to anyone who has registered on our site. Currently, our policy leaves all news stories free to registered users indefinitely. Thanks! Alison McCook Deputy Editor Does UAB have to give the money back? by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-13 14:03:30] Just curious. Apropos a previous editorial... by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-13 13:59:26] So, will The Scientist not archive this article to prevent further damage to the careers of these scientists when their punishment is up?
Punishment by VENKAT BAKTHAVACHALAM [Comment posted 2009-07-13 13:47:34] Waste 23 millions of tax dollars and they go free? I think jail time is greatly warranted for these people. Isn't time to get tough on white collar crime to save this country? God only knows by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-13 13:03:03] The truth got out this time because of the in-fighting between the two collaborators. God only knows how many other such cases are out there, where people involved are still in good terms. This is a depressing thought.
Falsifying Data for Fame by null null [Comment posted 2009-07-13 12:38:45] A deliberate atttempt to falsify data for Fame and acceptance is NOT acceptable and condonable. What a career damage to the trainees and postdocs of Dr. Thomas!!!!
I am not sure why it took so long as the rumors have been around for quite sometime about Dr. Thomas's findings. shows ORI works -but no such ORI in Ag research by anonymous poster [Comment posted 2009-07-13 12:07:50] This shows that the ORI - although with its cirtics - does work for the protection of science - and health of the people.
But in agriculture there is no such organization - and there is never resolution of such issues -until real investigations are done - with sequestering of the actual data and holding people accountable. An example of such a situation can be found in the journal of animal science - several ( 12 ?) letters to the editor on reseach conducted by the pork board. One trial was a terminal sire line evaluation and in a paper the coauthors mentioned that they checked ther pedigrees of each sire and each was from a closed genetic popluation. But a fromer vet for one company testified in a letter to the editor and midwest univerisity that he was told to sample and did sample semen from 9 different genetic lines and has both internal and public documents. One eye witness with any real data - in health field and steps are taken to resolve the issue -. Clear statements - and testimony - several letters to the editor in agriculture and nothing is done. Comment on this blog |